Substance Addiction in Adolescents: Influence of Parenting and Personality Traits
Background: Substance use in adolescents has been separately related to personality traits and parental socialization styles; in this study, our objective was to study these variables in an integrated way. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in five institutes in a final sample of 331 students, excluding those with gaming disorder. The sample was stratified into three subgroups: ‘no addiction’, ‘low risk’, and ‘high risk’ of Substance Use Disorders (SUD). Results: 12.9% of the adolescents presented a low risk of SUD, while 18.3% showed a high risk, with both being older (F = 9.16; p < 0.001) than the no addiction group. Adolescents with high risk scored lower in control and structure variables and higher in maternal and paternal indifference factors. Non-addicted subjects presented higher scores in conscientiousness, extraversion, and agreeableness and lower scores in neuroticism. The probability of SUD increased with age (OR = 2.187; p = 0.022), sensation seeking (OR = 1.084; p < 0.001), and neuroticism (OR = 1.049; p = 0.042), while conscientiousness was a protective factor (OR = 0.930; p = 0.008). Conclusions: These results reflect that personality traits are directly related to the development of substance abuse in adolescents.
- Escamilla, I., Juan, N., Benito, A., Castellano-García, F., Rodríguez-Ruiz, F., & Haro, G. (2024). Substance Addiction in Adolescents: Influence of Parenting and Personality Traits. Brain Sciences, 14(5), 449. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14050449
背景 青年期の薬物使用は、性格特性や親の社会化スタイルと個別に関連しているが、本研究では、これらの変数を統合的に研究することを目的とした。方法 ゲーム行動症患者を除く331名の学生を対象に、5つの研究機関で横断的観察研究を実施した。サンプルは「嗜癖なし」「低リスク」「高リスク」の3つのサブグループに層別化した。結果 青少年の12.9％がSUDの低リスク、18.3％が高リスクを示し、両者とも嗜癖なし群より年齢が高かった（F = 9.16; p < 0.001）。高リスクの青年は、制御変数と構造変数の得点が低く、母親と父親の無関心因子の得点が高かった。嗜癖のない群では、良心性、外向性、同意性のスコアが高く、神経症のスコアが低かった。SUDの確率は、年齢（OR = 2.187；p=0.022）、感覚希求（OR = 1.084；p<0.001）、神経症（OR = 1.049；p=0.042）と共に上昇したが、良心性は保護因子であった（OR = 0.930；p=0.008）。結論 これらの結果は、性格特性が青年期の薬物乱用の発症に直接関係していることを反映している。